The Kootenai, on the other hand, speak a totally different language.ĭ’Arcy McNickle was neither Salish nor Kootenai. The languages of the Flathead and the Pend d’Oreille are related and belong to the Salish language family and thus it is common to refer to these two tribes as the Salish. From the viewpoint of the American government, the reservation was intended to confine not only the three tribes who signed the treaty, but other tribes as well, out of the way of the American settlers. The reservation was created with the Treaty of Hellgate in 1855 in which the Flathead, the Pend d’Oreille, and the Kootenai gave up millions of acres of their land. D’Arcy McNickle grew up on the Flathead Reservation in western Montana.
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